Deadly Unna Review

â€Å"Deadly Unna† was the fist book published by the Australian Author â€Å"Phillip Gwynne† in 1998. The book focuses on racial tension, friendship, family conflict and relationships. The story is told in first person by the main character â€Å"Gary Black† more commonly know as â€Å"Blacky†. The story is mostly Blacky’s relationship with Dumby Red, an indigenous Australian, and about how he, as a white Australian, changes throughout the book, by understanding the racial conflict and learning how to stand up for himself. Blacky is more academic than he is sporty; though he plays football for the town.He has a very large family consisting of 8 siblings, and he gets along with all of them, putting aside the occasional conflict. He has a good relationship with his mother; however, he has a terrible relationship with his father due to a past event. Dumby Red has a very enthusiastic, optimistic and self-confident personality. â€Å"Pickles† is Blacky’s best friend, and he disgustingly unhygienic, with gruesome habits. Blacky often goes to talk with his old next-door neighbour †Darcy†, who a maggot farmer and is full of advice to give Blacky.The story is set on a peninsula of Australia, all the whites living in the â€Å"Port† and all of the blacks living in the †Point† about 1hour drive from eachother. I believe the reason the Author made the distinct seperation between the white and black Australians is to emphasise the racial tension in the area. The book consists of two parts, â€Å"Winter† and â€Å"Summer†. Winter being the footy is mainly focused around the footy culture of the town and focuses on Blacky trying to be the hero in his team, and eventually succeeds although by accident.They win the grand final, and by the end of the winter, Blacky becomes very aware of the large racial tension in the book. The â€Å"Summer† part of the book is mainly filled wit h racial, and family conflict, and during the course of this Dumby is shot dead. Blacky is faced with many decisions he has to make, and he has to follow his heart to do what is right. This book moved too slowly for me, and containing much excess writing that wasn’t at all necessary nor did it relate to the main plot at all.The book never established the friendship between Blacky and Dumby red. After he died, Philip wrote about how they were such good friends, but there was nothing in earlier in the book to support that, so that confuses the readers a lot. Another factor is that it does not relate to many people in the world. It would only relate to people who come from a very Australian culture that knew all of the colloquial Australian language. I do not believe anyone that’s come from another country would understand the book at all.I don’t even think some Australians would understand it, as they might have been blocked off from it. Additionally, I think it l oses variety by the style of writing and that isn’t at all a good thing. The worst thing about the book I believe is the way it can’t relate to an adult, or a teenager. It moves way too slowly for a teenager, and doesn’t have nearly enough happening to entertain most readers. However, it also had too many immature themes and thoughts for an adult to read, so it doesn’t really relate to any general age group.What I did like about this book is that it can educate young Australian teenagers about racism to a certain extent. Some people have no knowledge of racism, and I believe that with guidance, this book could educate them about some of the racism in Australia. Overall I rate the book 2 stars, as I do not believe it could do it’s job as a book to entertain the target audience, or at that any audience. Although I do believe that with the right insight, you could learn some things from it.

Theraputic Relationship

meantime I communicated with my best with her do that she felt comfortable. Asa result, she gave a good cooperation and enjoyed the meal until finished. In my evaluating, I feel I make the right decision to accompany and assistMrs. A in feeding. Furthermore, I could develop my nurse-patient relationship. Although McCabe (2004, p. 44) would describe it as a task-centredcommunication as one of the element caused the lack communication amongnurses, but I think my nurse-patient relationship communication both involved agood patient-centred communication and task-centred communication.In mypersonal opinion, I attended to Mrs. A as a patient to show my empathy becauseshe was unable to feed herself. It was also as my duty to feed her so that I couldmake sure the patient get the best care in the ward. So my involvement in thisnurse-patient relationship does not only restrict to the task-centredcommunication because (Burnard 1990, and Stein-Parbury 1993, cited inMcCabe 2002, p. 44) define att ending as a patient-centred process as wells as tofulfil the basic conditions as a nurse to provide the genuineness, warmth andempathy towards the patient.I was able to improve my non-verbalcommunication skills in my conversation with her during the feeding. As she washaving a hearing problem and could not communicate in the first languageproperly, so the non-verbal communication plays a role. Caris-Verhallen et al (1999, p. 809) state that the non-verbal communication becomes important whencommunicating with the elderly people who develop a hearing problem. Hollman et al (2005, p31) suggests some effective ways to maximize the communication 5 ith hearing impairment people such as always gains the person’s attentionbefore speaking, visible yourself to prevent them feel frighten and try to usesome sensitive touch. I feel this is a good experience to me because I learn todevelop my non-verbal communication. I used most of the body gesturersbecause of the language barrier was be ing a gap in my conversation with Mrs. A. She could speak very limited in the first language so I tried to speak in her dialect. Furthermore, Wold (2004, p. 6) mention that gesturers are one specifictype of non-verbal communication intended to express ideas and are useful for people who cannot use much words. However I also used my facial expressionsto advise her to finish the meal. It might be not so delicious because shewithdraws the meal after few scopes but I smiled and assured Mrs. A that it wasgood for her health to finish her meal. In addition, the facial expressions are mostexpressive which are not limited to certain cultural and age barriers (Wold, 2004,p. 6). Therefore my facial expression worked out to encourage her to finish themeal. Although I could not explain detail to her about the important nutrition dietthat she should take, but I could advocate her to finish the meal served becausethe meal was prepared according to her condition. In order to analysis of the event, I could evaluate that, my communicationskills are very important to provide the best nursing care to Mrs. A. Mycommunication with Mrs. A was the interpersonal communication.This isbecause the interpersonal communication is a communication which involved of two persons (Funnell et al 2005, p. 438). I realized that my nonverbal 6 communication did help me a lot in my duty to provide the nursing care to Mrs. A. Even though she could understand few simple words when I was asking her but Inoticed that one of the problems occurs within the communication was thelanguage barrier. As the patient was not using the official language and thesecond language, I tried to speak in her language. I still could manage thecommunication in our conversation.However, it was quite difficult to promote theeffective verbal communication with the patient. Besides, White (2005, p. 112)recommend that a nurse should learn a few words or phrases in the predominantsecond language to put a patient at ease for bett er understanding. Although itwas quite difficult but using the nonverbal simultaneously with the verbalcommunication did encourage her to speak on her best to make me understandher words. In the event showed that, there was a response from Mrs. A. when Iwas asking her questions. Funnel et al (2005, p. 38) point out that acommunication would occur when a person responds to a message received andassigns meaning to it. She nodded her head to assign that she agreed with me. Delaune and Ladner (2002, p. 191) explain that the channel is one of thecomponent of the communication process which act as a medium during themessage is sent out. In addition, Mrs. A also gave me a feedback that sheunderstood my message by transmitting the message via her body gesturers andeye behaviour. Thus I could consider that the communication channels used inmy conversation were visual and auditory.Delaune and Ladner (2002, p. 191)state a feedback is that the sender receives the information after the receiver react to the message. However, Chitty and Black (2007, p. 218) define feedback 7 is a response to a message. In my situation, I was a sender who conveyed themessage receiving the information from Mrs. A, the receiver who agreed to takelunch and allow me to feed. Consequently, I could analyse that mycommunication with Mrs. A involved of five component of communication processwhich are sender, message, channel, receiver and feedback (Delaune andLadner, 2002, p. 91). In a nutshell, for my reflection of this event explores about on how thecommunication skills play a role on the nurse-patient relationship in order todeliver the nursing care towards the patient especially the adult. She neededquite sometime to adapt the ability changes in her daily activities living where Iwas trying to help her in feeding. I was concerning my feeling and thoughtsduring the feeding so that I could improve more skills in my communication. Isuccessfully communicated with her effectively as she enjoyed finis hing themeal.So it is vital to build rapport with her to encourage her ability to speak upverbally and non-verbal. Moreover, this ability could help her to communicateeffectively with other staff nurses. Later, she would not be neglected because of her age or her disability to understand the information given about her treatment. (Hyland and Donaldson 1989, cited in Harrison and Hart 2006 p. 22) mention thatcommunication express what the patients think and feel. In order to communicatewith adult, it is important to assess her common communication language andher ability to interact in the other languages.As I used some words in her dialect,I essentially encouraged the patient to speak out verbally and communicate non- 8 verbal so that the message could be understood and do not break the nurse-patient communication. In my opinion, I evaluated that it does not a matter whether it was a patient-centred communication or task-centred communicationbecause both communication mentioned by M cCabe (2004) actually doesinvolves communication to the patients. So it was not a problem to argue whichtype of communication involves in my conversation with my patient.After analysed the situation, I could conclude that I was be able to know the skills for effective communication with the patient such as approach the patient, askingquestions, be an active listening, show my empathy and support the patientemotions (Walsh, 2005, p. 34). Actually helping the adult was a good practice indelivering the nursing care among adults. My action plan for the clinical practice in the future, if there were patientsthat I need to help in feeding or other nursing procedure, I would prepare myself better to handle with the patients who would have some difficulty incommunication.This is because, as one of the health care worker, I want thebest care for my patients. So in related to deliver the best care to my patients, Ineed to understand them very well. I have to communicate effectively as this is important to know what they need most during warded under my supervision as anurse. According to my experience, I knew that communication was thefundamental part to develop a good relationship. Wood (2006, p. 13) express thata communication is the key foundation of relationship. Therefore a goodcommunication is essential to get know the patient’s individual health status 9

Accounting for Decision Making Essay

Transfer Pricing 1. Calculate the increase or decrease in profits for the three divisions and the company as a whole (four separate computations) if the agreement is enforced. Explain your thought process, comment on the situation, and make a  suggestion based on the computations you have made. Given that we have the operating costs of Division C, we can calculate their loss from reduced output. In the case of Division A and Division B, the reduction in cost related to lower outside cost would be considered profit change. The proposal increases profit, but leaves Division C under-utilized. The fixed cost of under utilization would have to be considered before I would suggest the Company go to the new proposal. My suggestion is to go ahead with the new proposal and increase Division C output and sell to outside customers. 2. Evaluate and discuss the implications of the following transfer pricing policies. Transfer pricing policies should include a fixed cost portion of the internal supplier to identify the true cost. Profit taken by the internal supplier is overall company profit. By using a standard costing process, the internal supplier would be expected to keep efficiency at standard. In this case. Division C had profit from part 101 at $300 per unit and part 201 at $800 per unit. If the fixed cost of Division C were included in the transfer price, it would not be necessary to identify a profit per part. a. Transfer price = cost plus a mark-up for the selling division This policy provides contribution to the cost of the selling division. The mark up must be appropriate to nulify the cost of the selling department, but not to make the selling department a high proofit center. b. Transfer price = fair market value This policy will force profit to be declared within the selling division and may or may not provide a means of tracking efficiency. If the fair market value generates a lot of profit for the company this should be used. c. Transfer price = price negotiated by the managers See more: Unemployment – problems and solutions essay This is a policy that can create challenging and meaningful relationships between departments. Since the price is negotiated, the result would be benefitial for the company and would encourage competition between divisions. Although the ending price should be less than fair market value. 3. Why is transfer pricing such a significant issue both from a financial and managerial perspective? From a financial perspective, transfer pricing can help improve profits and allows the company more control of quality which would improve profits. It does casue additional financial reporting  for the selling division. From a managerial perspective transfer pricing can create a competitive environment within the company resulting in lower cost and higher profit. It can cause problems if one department is making more profit than another, unless it is clearly identified as efficiency variance. In managerial accounting, when different divisions of a multi-entity company are in charge of their own profits, they are also responsible for their own â€Å"Return on Invested Capital†. Therefore, when divisions are required to transact with each other, a transfer price is used to determine costs. Transfer prices tend not to differ much from the price in the market because one of the entities in such a transaction will lose out: they will either be buying for more than the prevailing market price or selling below the market price, and this will affect their performance. Division C data 2012 Proposed Part DM DL VOH TP AnVol Cost of Unit Unit Profit Total Profit Volume Profit Lost Profit 101 $200 $200 $300 $1,000 3000 $700 $300 $900,000 2000 $600,000 $300,000 201 $300 $300 $600 $2,000 1000 $1,200 $800 $800,000 500 $400,000 $400,000 $1,700,000 $1,000,000 $700,000 101 201 Outside Required Unit Cost Outside $ Profit Current A 3000 1000 4000 $900 $900,000 B 1000 1000 2000 $1,900 $1,900,000 C 3000 1000 4000 Proposed A 2000 2000 4000 $1,800,000 $900,000 B 500 1500 2000 $2,850,000 $950,000 C 2000 500 2500 Change in Profit Follow formula path for further explanation Division A $900,000 Division B $950,000 Division C ($700,000) Total Company $1,150,000 Source: Investopedia.com

Modern Managers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Modern Managers - Essay Example Newman (1995) stated that a person's identity is not just a function of one's personal values and traits but it is also a function of the behavior and attitudes of people who have made a significant impact in their lives. As the other people's cultural values change, then their friends also do likewise. Newcomers to a business firm learn the appropriate roles and behaviors to become effective and participating members of that organization. Third, people who work together tend to share the same cultural values and ethics. Watson (1995) stated that a human grouping be it a school or the workplace shares a system of meanings which define what is good and bad and what are appropriate ways for members of that grouping to act and behave. Moreover, he also explained that being part of an occupation involves engagement on a regular basis in a part or the whole of a range of work tasks which are identified under a particular title by both those carrying out these tasks and by the general public. (Watson 2005). Fourth, a person's educational background has an impact on his socialization. The correspondence principle sets this general model - the higher you rise in education hierarchy, the better job you will get. However, the UK has fundamental inequalities in its educational system. The British students experience education not on the basis of merit but in terms of their ability to take a series of opportunities which is hugely dependent on their available resources. Only seven (7%) of the UK student population can afford to attend private schools. These students them move on to become Oxbridge students. About 100 schools (80% of them are private) provide almost one-third of all Oxbridge students. This inequality in education leads to other forms of inequalities such as social class, gender and ethnic groups. A way to expand educational opportunity to all would be to make university tuition fees affordable. In this sense, the students will be able to widen their participation. Fifth, managers who possess excellent social skills tend to succeed more. For instance, likeability is a valuable tool that complements crucial management skills such as the ability to communicate with employees, give inputs to senior management, interact with customers, and build effective teams. A manager who cultivates this skill is bound to become more successful. Customers are more likely to purchase products and services from someone they like. However, the value of being liked does not end with a job promotion.Moreover, managers may be required to communicate to corporate employees the specifics of a difficult company policy, A manager who learns how to become a genial salesperson and a good communicator will get better results. Managers need to learn the art of listening skills by listening more attentively to someone they like or to someone they merely tolerate.In order to be an effective manager, one must know several socialization skills. An important socialization skill is the recognition of the importance of getting along with others. Managers strive to be genuinely appreciated for who they are, how they act, and what they stand for. The linchpin of likeability is mutual respect which is based on the right attitude towards work and people, and then develops as managers work on providing the right communication climate, staying well-attuned to employee reactions, meeting or managing expectations, and seeking a balanced approach to issues.The second

Gartner's Value Proposition to Clients Coursework

Gartner's Value Proposition to Clients - Coursework Example Gartner works with IT professionals under four key markets: IT end-user professionals, high-tech & telecoms professionals, supply chain professionals and investment professionals. Specifically, with regards to supply management organizations, Gartner is able to provide three services that are highly valuable. Gartner helps SMOs with: (1) the selection of the right products and negotiating for the best terms and pricing; (2) staying current with important innovations and cutting through the technology information overload and hype; (3) networking opportunities with peers in Gartner organized events such as the Outsourcing and Vendor Management Summit and the IT Financial, Procurement and Asset Management Summit. One example of Gartner’s supply chain management initiatives is the AMR Supply Chain Leaders – a product that offers a full portfolio of indispensable services to help organizations maximize their supply chain productivity through strategic advice, best practices and case studies, Gartner analyst inquiry, webinars, custom alerts, and industry-focused insight. (Gartner pdf 2). Gartner acquired AMR Research – the gold standard for research focused on supply chain management – in 2009. What are 5 tips in today's economy that can be shared with Clients? Supply managers to prioritize and enhance forecasting and planning activities as an antidote to imminent global inflation and supply shortages (Minahan 1) In volatile markets, it may be better to run more frequent and smaller sourcing projects to take advantage of fluctuating capacity and costs, as well as technological advances (Minahan 7) What is a hot topic in IT Supply Management today that clients are looking for direction on? What Key Findings, Recommendations can be made? The current hot topic in IT Supply Management today is how to relocate IT applications from Client-Server model to the new paradigm of Cloud computing model. Gartner proposes five ways through which organisations can migrate to the Cloud: re-hosting on Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), refactoring for Platform as a Service (PaaS), revising for IaaS or PaaS, rebuilding on PaaS or replacing with Software as a Service (SaaS) (staff reporter 1). Each of these methods has specific situations where their use is preferable to the other. Re-hosting involves moving applications from one hardware environment to another without changing its form. This is appropriate for organizations that want to quickly migrate their systems with minimal revision to their system architecture. Refactoring offers good backward compatibility. Revising allows organizations to optimize their applications to leverage the cloud characteris tics of the Cloud provider’s infrastructure (staff reporter 7). Rebuilding enables one to deploy innovative features in the Cloud provide

State, Democracy and Human Rights Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

State, Democracy and Human Rights - Term Paper Example The citizens can engage themselves in politics, by virtue of the democratic rights bestowed upon them, via a variety of ways. The first condition for democracy, also being the most significant role any individual citizen can play being an actor in a democratic state, is to comply by all standards of ‘citizenship’, which characterizes a full membership as the member of the state, and also as a member of the community. More often than not, theorists also constitute citizenship as the role of individuals in advocacy and institutionalization of human rights. Since democracy directly implies the will of the people being governed, thus ‘Elections’ can turn out to be the most reliable junction through which the citizens can play their part. This implies that the citizens, directly or indirectly, choose their representatives who would then be a legitimate source to follow the mandate of the citizens (Newton and Jan 2010). Civil society can also dominate the democrat ic spectrum by channelizing public opinion, nationally as well as on a transnational level, by mobilizing and advocating for causes which would then pressurize the governments and thus, empowering themselves to be a part of the decision making process (Goodhart 2008). Moreover, citizens can also be empowered and get involved in the decision making process in the democratic age by setting up transparent institutions to their advantage. The nature of these institutions may differ, depending on the needs and situations the citizens may find themselves in. The institutions are characterized by the vision and the mission statement, along with the actors involved in decision making process which then determines the relationship of the citizen`s involvement and the extent of their influence of decision making (Beeson and Bisley 2012).

Assignment 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 3

Assignment 1 - Essay Example The information obtained from management accounting system help facilitate this objective. For example the management of an organization can use management information to determine which products to drop outsource or produce in house. The information used in planning can then be used as standards against which future performance can be evaluated. This then forms a basis for controlling output or inputs ad determined from the variance. In management accounting, the decision maker is able to forecast an activity and the required input, such as labour time and cost for production, which helps in planning to determine the feasibility of the project. During actual production, he costs incurred are used to evaluated performance and determine the necessary course of action through control mechanism (Needles, Crosson, & Powers, 2002). Management accounting information is also used in decision making is to; generate information that is useful in helping the management allocate costs between costs of goods sold and inventory for internal and report profit to external users Financial accounting is a term used to describe the process of maintains a system of accounting records such as revenues, and exoenses for business transactions and other items of financial nature and reporting the financial position and fianacial performance of an entity. The main purpose of financial accounting is to provide information to external users such as investors, banks and shareholder (Needles, Crosson, & Powers, 2002). The scope of financial accounting concretes on the external users of financial information of the company. Therefore accounting information is useful in acquisition of financial resources from lenders banks and other financial institutions that depend on such information to make decisions. From a company’s financial information a bank is able to determine the ability of a firm to pay interest on bonds. Financial accounting

In the Communist Manifesto, Marx and Engels Essay

In the Communist Manifesto, Marx and Engels - Essay Example Considering that presently, Europe has been maintaining a low salary system for workers, it appears that the statements made by Marx and Engels do not reflect a truthful and realistic understanding of the economic system as a whole. Despite the failure of the workers today to uplift the salary standards of the working class, the European businesses continue to emerge and win in the international trade. Thus, it can be interpreted as contradictory to the adverse effects to the capitalists as pronounced by Marx and Engels. Otherwise, to continuously take advantage of the working class would mean defeat to the capitalists. Both Marx and Engels failed to see the power behind the capitalists and the latter's influence to suppress the possible violent reactions by the working class. The statements however of Marx and Engels did not just go to naught. The European economy could not have survived without the ideas of the two well-known pro-working class theoreticians. Knowing fully well that the proletariat, or the working class for this matter, has the potential capability to rise and change the events in their favor if continuously suppressed, the European capitalists, through the government provided for some incentives that would somehow satisfy the workers and hinder them from fighting back their employers due to urges for more economic reforms. The employers' unrelenting resistance to revolutionary actions in favor of the working class proved to be successful. Thus, the government freely allowed the labor sector to represent themselves in the government thru participation therein. Thru this, the discussion of the numerous demands of the working class would be limited in the parliament and not to revolutions that could overthrow the government, as predicted b y Karl Marx. In general, Marx and Engels failed to give proper and due recognition to the capitalists as a relevant factor in the production. They should have considered the fact that labor will be of no use if there are no raw materials to start with; and who then has the capability to provide the raw materials but the capitalists! Marx and Engels appeared to be one-sided, clinging on to the proletariat without reflecting on the need for economic balance of the society. The prophesies made by them are too extreme. They have not realized the fact that any sector that is put into power has this tendency to abuse the others. In a purely capitalist system, the capitalists abuse the proletariat for their benefit. However, the proletariat, once put into power, has this tendency also to abuse the capitalists because each sector fails to acknowledge the relevant role being played by the other. It is the extreme ideas of isolation that leads the members of the society to abuse their power. Emphasis should be made that the statements of Marx and Engels are not totally wrong; only then, it should be made more pragmatic, if one has to apply the ideas today. The urge of the capitalists to continue with production which by the way is the essence of the modern day industry, is not actually paving the way to their own graves. It is more subtle to say that this urge to produce through the use of the labor sector could be a way to the capitalists' graves if they will continuously abuse the rights of the working class and refuse to give them what is due to them. The essence of production is

Micro-Finance in Bangladesh Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 12

Micro-Finance in Bangladesh - Essay Example Project governance consists of a number of activities such as those related to corporate decision making and organizational structures. Â  Bangladesh is classified as a Least Developed Country by the United Nations Organization. With a population of roughly 125 million, i.e. more than twice the population of Britain, it’s lacking in almost every conceivable resource for human consumption. The Grameen Bank has initiated a housing loan scheme among others for the poorer segments of Bangladeshis so that they would borrow even if they are unable to show collateral. Those pavement dwellers and squatters on government properties have partially benefited from this scheme. They are the first group of external stakeholders, while those contractors are also considered as external stakeholders of the project. However, employees and managers on sites are regarded as internal stakeholders (Cadle and Yeates, 2007). The government of Bangladesh and the international community such as INGOs, the World Bank, the UNICEF and the IMF are also involved in these projects as providers of auxiliary services such as safe drinking wat er, schools, hospitals and so on. The following stakeholder map illustrates how various stakeholders of a similar project would be brought under a single map for the analysis of links within and without the project. While the physical dimension of the project might be limited to its primary housing project, its real impact would be felt far beyond the far corners of the country itself. Â  While this sheet does not provide a detailed management structure for every stakeholder group involved in the project, it adequately illustrates how each relevant stakeholder group is managed through the project governance process (Carroll, 2006). Stakeholders might have different levels of interest in a project depending on the level of impact on them.

Self Assessment Essay Example for Free

Self Assessment Essay Overall, I feel that I have not done up to my expectations over the course of the two presentations. Comparatively, these are the areas that have improved/worsened: Engagement with Audience I feel that I had improved marginally by not referring to my phone (which happens to be my script) as often, but however, I was still distracted by the phone as well as the power point slides. Half of the time, I was busy referring to my script as well as the power point slides, causing me to lose engagement with the audience. This is one of the biggest problems that I have to overcome through this course. More often than not, I tend to forget the content that I wish to express, which results in the constant reference to the script and slides. Furthermore, when I was looking at the audience, I tend to look forward instead of looking at every single one of them. I believe I can overcome this problem by rehearsing with friends; with an audience of at least two people so that I can familiarize myself with looking at the crowd more often, instead of just simply looking forward. Preparation of Presentation In the course of preparation, I adopted the use of presentation slides, which I feel were quite meaningful in illustrating what I was trying to express. This helps to capture the audience’s attention and gives a clear picture of the topic that I was presenting. However, while preparing the script, I employed the use of several bombastic words that impeded my presentation in terms of expressing fluently. I feel very restricted to the script; I find myself having the obligation to follow exactly what the script says. This is very detrimental to my presentation and as a result, I kept referring to my script while doing the presentation whenever I forget a specific sentence. I feel that I should prepare a script in point form, rather than in specific structured sentences. This way, I will be less restricted by the script which is supposed to aid me, not the other way round. Articulation and Fluency In my opinion, I feel that I can pronounce and articulate words rather well, which is one of my stronger areas. However, there is a tendency that I will stutter, most likely due to nervousness as well as the obligation to express specific sentences which I described above. There is much to improve and I believe that more practice will be able to correct my tendency to stutter. Nervousness Overall, I was more nervous during OA1 compared to the practice presentation. It was reflected in the way I was referring to my slides and script, as well as stuttering. I feel that I was too reliant on my script, which caused me even more nervousness once I happen to let slip on my memory. Ample practices will definitely aid me in managing my nervousness. Furthermore, after these two presentations, I feel that I had gained experience which will definitely aid in my future presentations.

Atomic Short Range Order (SRO) in Ni20Pd80 Alloy

Atomic Short Range Order (SRO) in Ni20Pd80 Alloy An Experimental and Theoretical Study of the Atomic Short Range Order (SRO) in Ni20Pd80 Alloy Abstract The behavior of atomic short range order (SRO) has been investigated in a polycrystalline alloy of Ni20Pd80 at different temperatures by using diffuse X-ray scattering intensities. The ordering energies and the atomic SRO-parameters (ÃŽ ±1) have been calculated by using the electronic theory of ordering in the pseudopotential approximation and compare with the experimental results. The intensity distribution pattern of Ni20Pd80 obtained through XRD depicts a deviation from random structure at all annealing temperatures. We make an analysis using the prior obtain X-ray intensities of Ni20Pd80 and calculate the atomic short range order-function (SROF) g(r) as a function of annealing temperatures. Some of the values of ÃŽ ±1 calculated by using SROF and appears as negative, indicating the existence of SRO in Ni20Pd80 alloy. We have obtained the parameter for second and third nearest neighbors, which turns out to be positive. Electronic theory of alloys in the pseudopotential approximati on was employed to calculate the ordering energies and the values of ÃŽ ±1. It was found that this theory predicts the same sign of ÃŽ ±1 for selected alloy as observed from the experiments. The results can be further improved by considering the order of perturbation and the atomic size effect for the studied alloy. Keywords: Ni20Pd80 alloy; short range order (SRO); X-ray diffraction (XRD); transition metal model pseudopotential (TMMP); short range order-function (SROF); SRO-parameter (ÃŽ ±1) 1. Introduction X-ray scattering intensity measurement of alloys reveals in the information about degree of atomic SRO and has been immensely used by many authors to establish the presence of ordering in various binary and multi-component alloys [1]. The presence of the atomic SRO in the disordered solid solutions influences the physical properties of the alloys significantly and a recent study of the electronic theory of alloys based on the pseudo-potential approximation has appeared successfully to predict the ordering in transition metal alloys [2-4]. Lin et al. have shown the formation of clusters in the samples with Pd concentration of 25-75 at.% [5]. Our study shows that beyond 75 at.% Pd, Ni-Pd alloy has a tendency to form SRO. In this paper, we have carried out the calculation of temperatures in binary Ni20Pd80 alloy by combining the method of pseudopotential approximation. Therefore, it encourages investigating the atomic SRO in the Ni20Pd80 alloy. Not only, we establish SRO in Ni20Pd80 and also compare the theoretical results with the experiment. 2. Experimental Technique For experimental work XRD technique was employed. The round-shaped master ingot (~10 g) of polycrystalline Ni20Pd80 alloy was gratefully supplied by Degussa (Germany). These pellets were cut into two halves, surface-ground and polished to produce a mirror surface suitable for XRD study. Chemical analysis carried out by electron probe micro-analyzer gave nearly the starting compositions. Ni20Pd80 alloy was annealed at each given temperature for 5 hrs in a vacuum better than 10-5 mbar and quenched. The X-ray experiments were performed on a Shimadzu XD-5A diffractometer in the reflection mode, using line-focused Cu-KÃŽ ± radiation. The intensity measurements were carried out in the angle range 40à ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ °Ã‚ °Ãƒ ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  with a step of 0.2 and all measurements were made in the fixed time mode with counting time of 100 sec per angle. All of the measurements were made at room temperature of 25 ±0.5 °C respectively. 3. Theoretical Calculations The electronic theory of alloys gives the following expression for the ordering energy of binary AB alloy [10] as below: Where, is the average atomic volume of the alloy and Ri is the radius of ith coordination sphere in the particular crystal structure. The factor FAB(q) represents the energy-wave number characteristics of the alloy [10]. The electronic theory of alloys in 2nd order perturbation theory gives the ordering energy of a binary alloy corresponding to the ith coordination sphere is given by [6]. Where, = à ¯Ã‚ -/N is the volume per atom, N is the number of atoms in the crystal of volume à ¯Ã‚ -, is the difference of the unscreened pseudopotential form factors of the alloy constituents [7], and are the dielectric and modified screening factors which include the effect of exchange and correlation [8] and ÃŽ · is the Ewald’s parameter. FAB(q) is the energy wavenumber characteristic which is the local pseudopotential approximation may be expressed as [10]: The first term in Eq. (2) gives the contribution of the band structure and this second term is of the electro static energy. In 3rd order perturbation theory, the ordering energy is given by [9, 10]: Here, The term T(q) is the effective pair corrections to the ordering potential. This correction arises in the 3rd order perturbation theory due to double scattering process of conduction electrons from the ion pairs. The term responsible for the effects connected with the presence of three body interaction are not taken into consideration. In disordered binary solid solutions, if two different atoms A and B have size difference they exhibit static displacements from exact lattice positions. For close neighbors, there can be three different distances depending on whether it is an AA-, BB- or AB-pairs. In case of two atoms, that is no close neighbor and the variation in distance results from the variations in the composition of the region between them. The variation in close neighbor distances attributes to the kind of atoms making up the pair [10]. The ordering potential is modified by incorporating the atomic size effect and is given by: E(R1) =A(R1)−B(R1) Where, A(R1) and B(R1) are the first nearest neighbor distances of A- and B-atom. Here, the factor B(R1) is given by: And B(R1) =B1Aà ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬  1A+B1Bà ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬  1B Here, The expression for B1B can be written in a similar manner. Where, And Where, Here, , Clapp-Moss relation was used to determine the value of SRO-parameter. The values of ÃŽ ±1 were determined from the ordering energy by using the Clapp-Moss expression [11]: Where kB is the Boltzmann constant. In this work, we have also investigated the effect of the exchange and correlation factors on the ordering energies. The expressions to account for the exchange and correlation correction effect f(q) proposed by Kleinmen [12], Singwi [13], Hubbard-Sham [14], SLTS [13] and Lindhard [15] are given below: Kleinman: Singwi: A=0.8894 B=0.3401 Hubbard-Sham: SLTS: Lindhard: f (q) =0 4. Results and Discussion Fig. 1 shows the XRD pattern recorded at room temperature obtained for the annealed sample of Ni20Pd80 at various temperatures. The splitting of high angle Bragg reflection for CuKÃŽ ±1 and Cu-KÃŽ ±2 radiations demonstrates the quality of the sample. The patterns were indexed following the procedure mentioned in Ref. 16. Since, all the fundamental reflections (hkl all even or all odd) were present; the patterns were therefore indexed as Face Centered Cubic (FCC). The sample was single phase and has FCC of A1-type structure with lattice parameter a=0.382 nm [17]. The lattice parameters were calculated from XRD patterns taken after annealing the Ni20Pd80 alloy at various annealing temperature by the extrapolation of the Nelson-Riley function and their values are plotted in Fig. 2. It can be clearly seen that the value of lattice parameter ‘a’ increases linearly with temperature. The reason for this increase in ‘a’ is the thermal expansion in lattice due to increase of temperature. Fig. 3 shows the plot of SRO-function g(r) corresponding to temperatures i.e., 100, 300 and 600  °C. The SRO-function g(r) was determined from the measured intensities using the following relation [18]: Where, r is the radial distance, and Q is the reciprocal lattice vector Where, Ieu(SRO) is the observed intensity free from parasitic contributions and is measured in electron units. The procedures for the removal of parasitic contributions and the method to convert the measured intensities into electron units are outlined in Ref. 19. The radii of the coordination spheres were calculated from the lattice parameters determined from the XRD pattern. The function g(r) was determined from the intensities measured for each annealing temperature. It is clear from Fig. 3 that the variations in the g(r) with respect to temperature are subjected to the changes in SRO inside an alloy. The first peak in the plot of g(r) is not relevant to the structure but comes from the modification function used in the calculation in order to take into account the infinite limit of the integral in the expression of g(r). This feature is more prominent in the curve corresponding to 100  °C as compared to the other two curves. The SRO-parameters were determined from the data shown in Fig. 1 using the following expression [18]: Where ci is the coordination number and ÃŽ ±i is the radius and ÃŽ ±1 for the ith coordination sphere. There values are listed in Table 1 for the first, second and third nearest neighboring spheres. The value of ÃŽ ±1 was observed to be negative for all annealing temperatures. The variations in its value are due to the variation in the degree of SRO taking place with a change of temperature. The values of ÃŽ ±2 and ÃŽ ±3 were found to be positive for all investigated temperatures which indicate the formation of clusters in the second and third nearest neighboring spheres. The parameters of TMMP [7] and the lattice parameters determined using the Vegard’s rule was used as input for these calculations. The results of these calculations are listed in Table 2. It is seen that the values of ÃŽ ±1 is negative corresponding to different exchange and correlation factors. The values of ÃŽ ±1 were found to be negative from the XRD experiments too. It is therefore concluded that the electronic theory of alloys (2nd order perturbation) yields a good agreement between the experiment and theory as far as sign of the ÃŽ ±1 is concerned. The values of ÃŽ ±1 calculated employing the 3rd order perturbation correction and by taking into account the difference in atomic size of Ni20Pd80 are also given in Table 2. The difference in the magnitude of experimental and theoretical values may be attributed to the following reasons, (i) these calculations apply only to the ground state 100  °C where as the experiments have been done at higher temperatures. (ii) The val ues of lattice parameters used in these calculations were calculated from Vegard’s rule. 5. Conclusions XRD experiments were performed on the Ni20Pd80 alloy to study SRO. In order to compare the experimental results with the theory, calculation of ordering energies was undertaken using the electronic theory of alloys in the pseudo-potential approximation. The analysis of the experimental data yields information regarding the SRO. The structure of the alloy is FCC over a temperature range of 100-600  °C. The lattice parameter of the alloy increases with temperature as expected by theory. The experimental values of ÃŽ ±1 were found to be negative at all investigated temperatures, which indicates formation of SRO in this alloy. The experimental values of à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ¡2 and à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ¡3 were found to be positive, which indicates formation of clusters in the second and third neighboring spheres, if order of perturbation and size-effect is taken into account in these calculations. Acknowledgements The author S. K. Ajmal would like to thank and are acknowledged for their helpful discussions. References [1] V.I. Iveronova, A.A. Katsnelson, Short Range Order in Metallic Solid Solutions (in Russian), Moscow University Press, (1977). [2] W. Pfeiler, Acta Metall. 36 (1988) 2417. [3] T. Abbas, R.M.A. Khalil, A.M. Rana, Mahtabullah, Mod. Phys. Lett. B 20 (2006) 2425. [4] S. Akhtar, A.B. Ziya, T. Abbas, Physica B 404 (2009) 2241-2243. [5] W. Lin, J.E. Spruiell, Acta Metall. 19 (1971) 451. [6] F.A. Khawaja, A.A. Katsnelson, V.M. Silonov, Phys. Stat. Sol. 88 (1978) 477. [7] A.O.E. Animalu, Phys. Rev. B 8 (1973) 3542-3554. [8] P.A. Rossiter, The Electrical Resistivity of Metals and Alloys, University Press, Cambridge, (1987). [9] F.A. Khawaja, A.A. Katsnelson, V.M. Silonov, M.M. Khrushchov, Phys. Stat. Sol. 82 (1977) 701. [10] A.A. Katsnelson, V.M. Silonov, F.A. Khawaja, Phys. Stat. Sol. 91 (1979) 11. [11] P.C. Clapp, S.C. Moss, Phys. Rev. 171 (1968) 754. [12] L. Kleinman, Phys. Rev. 160 (1967). [13] K.S. Singwi, M.P. Tosi, A. Sjolander, R.H. Land, Phys. Rev. 176 (1968) 589. [14] J. Hubbard, L.J. Sham, Proc. Roy. Soc. (London), A240 (1957) 359. [15] Lindhard, D. Langreth, Phys. Rev. 181 (1969) 753. [16] B.D. Cullity, Elements of X-ray Diffraction, Addison Wesley, Philippines (1978). [17] S. Ahmad, A.B. Ziya, A. Aziz, Z. I. Zafar, J. Mater. Sci. Technol. 25 (2009) 208-210. [18] B.E. Warren, X-ray Diffraction, Dover, New York, (1990). [19] T. Abbas, A.B. Ziya, J. Mat. Sc. 28 (1993) 5010. Figure captions Fig. 1 XRD pattern of Ni20Pd80 alloy taken at 100-600  °C after annealing temperature. Fig. 2 Temperature dependence of lattice parameter a(Ç º) of Ni20Pd80 alloy determined from the Nilson-Riley function. Fig. 3 Temperature dependence of atomic short range order function g(r). Table captions Table 1: The SRO-parameters for various shells of atoms obtained from experimental diffuse scattering intensities of X-rays for Ni20Pd80 alloy. Table 2: The ordering energies for Ni20Pd80 alloy calculated using the electronic theory of alloy in the pseudo-potential approximation. Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Table 1 Table 2

Importance Of Critical Thinking In Higher Institutions Education Essay

Importance Of Critical Thinking In Higher Institutions Education Essay The term critical thinking began in the mid 20th century. It is an idea that has continuously developed for the past 2500 years. Critical thinking is a type of reflective thinking that helps someone in deciding what to do and how do it without any misconception. Developing the ability to read and understand critically is a very important aspect of education in university study.Critical thinking is a very important aspect in most professions. This essay is designed to help boost your knowledge on the ability to read, understand and evaluate texts critically. It will also help to develop and examine your thinking possibly to the fullest extent. B.K Beyer has defined who a critical thinker is. His own definition of critical thinkers is that, critical thinkers are skeptical, open-minded, respect evidence and reasoning, respect clarity and precision, look at different points of view and will change positions when reason leads them to do so(Beyer 12). Researches conducted so far, one can define critical thinking as the process of gathering, interpreting, evaluating and analyzing gathered information, skillfully and actively . It can also be seen as an aspect of someones life that helps him to go beyond just thinking so as to improve and clarify and improve it. Critical thinking helps someone to think clearly and rationally. It is also the ability of thinking clearly, independently and reflectively. It is lugubrious that most people misunderstand critical thinking and normal thinking. There is a great difference between critical and normal thinking. Below are some of the qualities of a good critical thinker. People with good critical thinking skills should be able to: Think actively and open mindedly Explores situations with questions Think Independently Raise important questions and formulate them clearly Views situations from different aspects of life Identify the relevance and advantages of ideas Supporting his views with evidence Critical thinking is not all about accumulating ideas. Not all people with good memory, who also have lot of facts are very good in critical thinking. A critical thinker should be able to make good use of what he/she knows to solve various problems, and seek various sources of information in order to inform himself. Critical thinking should not be compared or mistaken to being argumentative or being able to criticize other people. Though critical thinking skills can be used to expose false information and rumors, it can also play a very important role in cooperative and constructive tasks. Critical thinking helps people to acquire knowledge and strengthen ones arguments. Critical thinking skills can be used to improve social institutions and enhance work processes. In academics, critical thinking allows people to understand and apply things instead of just remembering and maybe later forgetting them. Being a good student requires thinking critically about what is going on in your school and other institutions. It can be argued that being a good human requires you to learn actively and make choices rationally. Critical thinking in education also helps people to analyze interpret, observe and explain concepts. Critical thinking also has deep effect to all the learning processes. In our lives, critical thinking is advantageous because it helps us to overcome any form of deception. Every successful university student is expected to be a very good critical thinker. Critical thinker can be seen as someone who has the ability and capacity to think at a higher level. Students are expected to think critically in such a way that their ideas would provide better life for themselves and the people around them. Lots of people take thinking for granted but it is very important. However, people tend to develop their thinking when they find out their weakness and strengths. When people think actively in schools, they are not just required to wait for something to happen. It can be said that people are engaging themselves in process of achieving your goal making their decision wisely and solving or finding possible solutions to their problems. Critical thinking also comes in when someone is talking about school environment. The school environment is different in terms of physical facilities, opportunities for pursuing academically enriched programs and classroom atmosphere. Students are required to know how to use their critical thinking skills to adapt to their environmental changes. Critical thinking also comes in because young people who really want to succeed are impeded not only by lack of talent or Clichà ©s, but by an academic environment that makes academic success vitally impossible. Students can also use their skills of critical thinking in examining their results. Examining ones result is a very important aspect in assessing students plans or ideas. This helps to tell people how particular method of learning has been so far. It also helps to tell if there is need for improving ones learning method, or to introduce a new one. Critical thinking also applies when someone is in search of competent school mate or class mate. People often find it difficult to search for a reasonable course mate while some others find it difficult in taking care of some academic challenges. This can be improved by attacking the complex course of studying and sharing of ideas between one another and charting each other understands to bring out best results. When people read textbooks and some other vital materials like legal method, government, history and so on, they are expected to use their skill in critical thinking to consider some notable events and dates as some of these courses like history as mentioned above deals with date and making precise description of the events that is being taught. In some academic writings specifically English, students are expected to get used to spellings correctly as English language is often seen as the universal language used nationwide for communicating and writings. Students in the university also use critical thinking when writing of notes and learning actively. People who take and make good note for themselves often success in universities. Some strategies a good college student can use when writing is jotting down main points when a lecturer or a tutor is presenting lectures. These main points mainly serve as a support when someone is trying to read what he must have learnt during the lectures. College students are also required to use their skills in critical thinking when writing assignments. Most students often plagiarise their assignments from friends, internet or sometimes books which is not advisable. Students often see plagiarism as a minor offence which is not true. Other people refer to plagiarism to as an academic fraud which am sure is true. Plagiarism is really not acceptable for someone to successfully pass and make good grades in the university. In absence of critical thinking, most university students will not be able to do anything reasonable in their academic environment. Thinking is very crucial to learning. Thinking requires entire personality in peoples learning process. As Kabilan rightly observes, To become proficient in a language learners need to use creative and critical thinking through the target language. Teaching students how to think rather than what to think is a way of assessing their ways of thinking, researching and learning independently. Critical thinking can therefore help in motivating students to learn and application of their knowledge. Most lecturers or tutors see students as empty vessels that needs refilling. They mostly focus on drilling students to memorise notes and make answers readily available. At times, they tend to ignore students personality. As a result of this, students critical thinking skill is never fully developed. Most students come into class silent minded and do not participate in the interactive academic sections. This teaching approach is highly criticised by a writer named Paulo Friere who sees it as the banking approach. Paulo rather suggested a dialogical approach method of teaching because he thinks that would be the best. From the essay above, critical thinking can simply be described as a desirable skill in ALL aspects of university work because it is the only skill that will allow someones knowledge and skill to develop and evolve. Its necessary for ones: Reading, Note making, Assignment writing, Presentations, And lastly, for students whose studies involve a practical component.

Death, Why Do They Write Thee Essay -- Literary Analysis

The medical world affects our qualms and contemplations every day, whether it is that disease one may struggle with every day or that stomach ache one may have tussled with after consuming some horrendous food. Today, although it may not seem like it, we are privileged to have our prime worries be that of cancer, Alzheimer’s, and mental ailments. All of those terrible infirmities, that we have yet to conquer, seemingly slip into occupations, conversation, compositions, and the routine of our everyday lives. This dilemma has always been a part of history, since colds were life threatening. At one point in time life expectancy was young, almost half of what it is today, many infants didn’t survive birth and diseases went rapid. One can imagine how petrified the people of those periods were. Scientific advancements in the medical field certainly affect the emotions and actions of death in daily life; this correlation is evident in literature throughout the ages, in arrange ments by authors, such as John Dunne, Jonathan Keats, and Elizabeth Barrett Browning. From the ages of superstition and homemade remedies arose the foundation of a complex medical world. The 1600s marked the termination of the Renaissance; however, the urge to learn more about the sciences persisted. One improvement was found in the previously women ran apothecary shops or pharmacies (Strocchia). The medical world was reformed when William Harvey discovered how blood circulates in 1628, which became â€Å"the basis for modern research on the heart and blood vessels† (Strocchia). Blood endured as a topic of interest and several years later in 1656 experimentation began on blood transfusion (â€Å"Medical Advances Timeline†). Towards the end of the decade blood cells, tissue,... ...y Reference Bank (H.W. Wilson). Web. 2 Apr. 2012. "The Life of Elizabeth Barrett Browning." The Victorian Web: An Overview. Web. 20 Mar. 2012. . â€Å"Medical Advances Timeline†. Infoplease. Web. 19 Mar. 2012. . Mulrooney, Jonathan. "Keats In The Company Of Kean." Studies In Romanticism 42.2 (2003): 227-250. Academic Search Premier. Web. 21 Mar. 2012. "Renaissance Medicine." ThinkQuest. Oracle Foundation. Web. 20 Mar. 2012. . Strocchia, Sharon T. "The Nun Apothecaries Of Renaissance Florence: Marketing Medicines In The Convent." Renaissance Studies 25.5 (2011): 627-647. Academic Search Premier. Web. 21 Mar. 2012. Thomas, Christina. "Jonathan Keats." English IV. Wheelersburg High School, Wheelersburg. Winter 2012. Lecture.

The Mystery Of Drear House :: essays research papers

Virginia Hamilton. The Mystery of Drear House. Greenwillow Books, 1987. 217pp   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In concluding her series of stories about the Small family, Virginia Hamilton compliments the original plot perfectly in The Mystery of Drear House. The books dark secrets begin to slowly unveil and are brought to end with a surprising friendship.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The book is again set around the house of Dies Eddington Drear, in a current year. The surrounding property and underground tunnels on premises play major roles in defining the plot and motive for the characters bizarre actions.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The main character in the book was Thomas small; he is a young boy about 12 years old. He is shy and timid but is very mature for his age. He sees things for how they should be, and he often gives too much due to his kind-hearted nature. Thomas best friend is Pesty Darrow a girl his age who lives on the property that borders theirs. The Darrows are a feuding family and believe that there is gold buried on the Small’s land. They feel that it should belong to them and pull many risky stunts to try and find it. Mrs. Darrow is Pestys mother and the key to many secrets of the house and the tunnels that were once apart of the Underground Railroad. Due to her mental illness, she cannot speak and remember things clearly. Thomas’s father has known the location of the gold, and being the good man that he is, arranges for the Darrows to find it. He did this so they could live next to each other without feuding.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I believe Hamilton was trying to show that stubborn people with different ideas can over come one another’s differences. She shows how kindness and letting someone know that your care, and to be able to let the past go can bring even the worst of enemies together.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The book in itself was excellent; I thought it explained and answered many questions and brought the story to a sufficient close. I almost wish it wouldn’t have, the mysteries of the house were quite interesting especially with the relevance to the Underground Railroad and the true history behind it, which she incorporated into the plot.

District Nurse Essay

Who is a district nurse? A district nurse is a type of nurse that works in the community rather in the hospitals. They help by supporting and caring for the patients in care homes or residential homes. P1. Identify the forms of communication. Working in care is about communication and relationship .It is simply not possible to provide care without developing communication or relationship with the patients. That’s why it is important as a carer to know how to build a relationship with the patients. Communication is about much more than just conversation. There are three forms of communication they are: 1. Contexts. 2. Forms of communication. 3. Alternative forms of communication. M1. Describe the forms of communication. Today we will be looking at one of the forms of communication which is contexts. Some of the examples of contexts communication are: 1. One to one. 2. Groups. 3. Formal and informal. 4. With people using services. 5. Colleagues 6. Managers. One to one One-to-one in communicationis the act of an individual communicating with another. It is also called face to face communication. Groups. Group communication refers to communication between 3 or more individuals. Informal. Informal communication is less defined by strict measures and is characterized by colloquial language.The Antonym of informal is formal where formal communication is associated with the use of official medical/scientific language in documentation and to systematic policies and procedures. Both types of health information communication play important roles in shaping patient behaviour, ensuring patient safety and promoting the delivery of quality health. With people using services. It is good to have a fluent communication with the people using services and show them kindness so more people can come and use your service in a suitable way. Mangers. Every company has a manger and the work of the managers is to manage the company and make sure everything is running as expected. Managers mostly interact with their employers and see how far or how well they car doing the job. Colleagues. Colleagues are the people you work with let it be in a business area or other work places. Having a colleague is a good thing because you might feel more confident in talking to him.her. FORMS OF COMMUNICATION. This topic looks at forms of communication. There are many forms of communication that people around the world use to communicate with others. They are: 1. Verbal communication. 2. Non-verbal communication 3. Written communication. Verbal and non-verbal communication. Verbal communication refers to the way someone communicates by using words to present thoughts, ideas and feelings. Basically verbal communication is the ability to explain and show your ideas clearly through the spoken words. Unlike verbal communication, non-verbal communication refers to the messages people send out to express their thoughts and ideas without talking. There are many ways how non-verbal communications e.g. 1. Body language. 2. Facial expression. 3. Touch or contact. 4. Signs symbols and pictures. Body language. Body language is a type of non-verbal communication where by is the way to communicate by using your body instead of talking. For example the way someone sits or stands which is called posture can send messages. Head movement and hand movement might also indicate that you are sending or passing out a message. Facial expression. Facial expression refers to the way someone communicates by using his or her face. We can often tell how someone is feeling by looking at their face. For example if someone is happy there is a smile on her/his face. if someone is excited his/her eyes become wider. Touch or contact. Communicating through touch is another important nonverbal behavior. There has been a substantial amount of research on the importance of touch in infancy and early childhood. The deprivation of touch and contact impedes development. Touch can be used to communicate affection, familiarity, sympathy and other emotions. Signs, symbols and pictures. There are common signs and gestures that majority of people recognize without being taught. There are different types of signs that people and have a meaning. For example when waving to someone that means you are passing a message using signs. Symbols and pictures of all kind of different objects also communicate messages. Written communication. Written communication has great significance in today’s world. It is an innovative activity of the mind.. Speech came before writing. But writing is more unique and formal than speech. Effective writing involves careful choice of words, their organization in correct order in sentences formation as well as cohesive composition of sentences. Also, writing is more valid and reliable than speech. But while speech is spontaneous, writing causes delay and takes time as feedback is not immediate. Alternative forms of communication. There are many types of alternative forms of communication they are 1. Sign language. 2. Makaton. 3. Braille. 4. Technological aids. 5. Human aids. Sign language. As we said earlier sign language is the use of your body parts like facial expression, position, movement of the hands and arms. Sign language is mostly used by the disable people who have bad hearing problem. Makaton Language programme which uses signs and symbols to teach communication, language and literacy skills to people with communication and learning difficulties. It is designed to provide a means of communication to individuals who cannot communicate efficiently by speaking. Makaton has been effectively used with individuals who have cognitive impairments Braille. Braille is a system of writing for the blind consisting of raised dots that can be interpreted by touch, each dot or group of dots representing a letter, numeral, or punctuation mark Braille was devised in 1821 by Louise Braille, a Frenchman.. Technological aids. Basically a technological aid refers to the electronic aids people around the world use for communication. For examples mobile phones are used to pass messages from one person to another either by making calls or sending text messages. Computer is another technological aid that we use to do research and also for communication. Human aids. Human aids are special skilled people who help people communicate with each other. Examples are: 1. Interpreters. 2. Translators. 3. Signers. Interpreters and translators :.Interpreters are people who translate orally, while a translator interprets written text. Both interpreting and translation presuppose a certain love of language and deep knowledge of more than one tongue. The key skill of a very good translator is the ability to write well, to express him/her clearly in the target language. That is why professional translators almost always work in only one direction, translating only into their native language. Even bilingual individuals rarely can express themselves in a given subject equally well in two languages. And many excellent translators are far from being bilingual – they may not be, and need not be, fluent speakers of the source language (the language of the original text being translated). The key skills of the translator are the ability to understand the source language and the culture of the country where the text originated, and, using a good library of dictionaries and reference materials, renders that material into the target language. An interpreter, on the other hand, has to be able to translate in both directions, without the use of any dictionaries, on the spot. .

Police Officer Job Description Essay

All police officers take on a basic range of tasks that are either preventive or proactive. Preventive tasks include the provision of protection to the person and property of individuals, preservation of peace and order through their presence and accessibility, and prevention of crime by patrolling the streets. Proactive tasks are searching and arresting criminal offenders and enforcing laws such as traffic and road safety regulations. (Criminal Justice USA, 2008; Los Angeles Police Department, 2008) These tasks require a number of qualifying criteria for police officers. One is physical fitness since the completion of police work becomes more efficient with physically fit police officers. This is the reason why police officers undergo physical training such as the physical agility test and medical examination before qualifying to work the job. Another is psychological fitness since police officers need to develop the values and attitude needed for them to use their authority within the bounds of the law as law enforcers such as social skills. Last is mental and other skills and experience, including driving skills for street patrol, keen eyesight and observation skills, and basic knowledge of the law and legal processes. (Police Oracle, 2008) At a minimum, a high school diploma or equivalent qualification is required for police officers (Criminal Justice USA, 2008). In addition, continued academic and field learning improves the ability of police officers to meet their job. As such, police officers need to develop commitment and dedication to their job since this not only enables them to perform their work effectively but also enhances continued efficiency. In the performance of this range of tasks, police officers take on line and staff jobs. Line jobs pertain to the direct accomplishment of the tasks of police officers especially field work while staff jobs pertain to support for line work such as administrative and other support tasks (Police Oracle, 2008). Police officers need to master not only line jobs but also staff jobs to support and maintain the sound organizational or functional structure of the law enforcement agency inn providing public service.

Reward System in Educational Settings Essay

The reward systems used in educational settings originates from psychology of behavior that specifically gives specific emphasis on promoting good discipline in educational settings. Education institutions are able to make significant differences in children’s behavior through setting out definite rules and stipulating sanctions and rewards for violating them. The fundamental nature of such systems is the idea that students can choose how to conduct themselves. Therefore, by rewarding and recognizing good behaviors whereas bad ones are punished, it is believed that students will aspire to choose good behaviors. A number of psychologists argue that in most cases education institutions focus on rectifying bad behaviors only rather than recognizing or reinforcing good behavior among students. They therefore criticize such an approach as being too basic because it eliminates the framework within which students’ conduct occurs and leaves total liability up on individual for their behavior. Although such criticizing arguments have been put forward, reward systems have been widely adopted in most education institutions especially primary and secondary schools. There are argued to impact positively on student’s behavior and performance as well as to teachers (Kohn, 1993). In regard to this, psychologists have explained the reward systems using a number of learning theories which relates the psychology and education disciplines. Learning is the means through which cognitive, emotional, and environment influences and experiences suitable for enhancing, acquiring, or making ones skills, knowledge, and values are brought together. Thus, the learning process puts emphasis on events that occur in the learning environment and this is explained by a number of learning theories. The learning theories clarify on how animals and people learn thus aiding us to understand the inherent complex learning process. All the learning theories which have been put forward by various psychologists are grouped into three categories: cognitive, behavior, constructivism and social-cognitive. Motivation of students is the basic necessity to guarantee success of any education enterprise. The dynamics of motivation can be explained as the types of academic and social goals which students brings into the classrooms, motivating elements of such goals, and the existing reward systems that together control the quantity and quality of learning as well as the will to keep on learning (Deci & Ryan, 1986). Motivation has been categorized by psychologists into four groups: instrumental motivation, achievement motivation, intrinsic motivation, and social motivation. However, more than one type of motivation may occur to a student at a given time. Instrumental motivation as a type of motivation is exclusively extrinsic because students carry out tasks as they are influenced by probable final consequences such as the probability of acquiring material rewards or keeping away from a reprimand. Therefore, in cases of such motivation, teachers are supposed to ensure that tasks being performed are put in contexts that students perceive pleasant. Social motivation argues that students execute tasks in order to please people they admire, respect or whose views are of significance to them. In regard to this social motivation, rewards have no significance although tangible as well as immaterial. Besides, rewards are correlated expressly to the perceived association between the learners and the teachers or instructors whose underpinning activities such as praise and approval are considered important. Achievement motivation involves students learning and hoping for success and it has three components: cognitive drive –whereby students attempts to satisfy identified ‘need to know’; self enhancement –learners satisfy the call for self-respect; affiliation –learners seek support from others; Intrinsic motivation is characterized by the absence of external rewards hence tasks are undertaken for the pleasure and satisfaction they bring the students. It appears to be fundamental to high quality participation in an undertaking as well as being self-terminating and self-maintaining. Curiosity and a desire to meet challenges may characterize the learning of students motivated in this style (Ardord, 2006). To clearly explain the system of reward in schools, a few theories are explained. Maslow’s theory of motivation focuses on a person’s striving for excellence and he explained this through ‘hierarchy of human needs’. Maslow pointed out that every human being is a ‘wanting animal’ hence he supposed that an individual’s behavior at any given time is dominated by his/her needs that have largest potency. As lower level psychological needs of a person are sufficiently achieved, the needs for higher level psychological needs come in handy. In the context of education, Maslow’s theory argues that students cannot and/or are not willing to learn or put more effort if their basic needs are not provided or met. Therefore, students require psychological needs to be met alongside their safety feelings and a sense of belonging. Such leads to spontaneous sense as learners who are hungry will not concentrate, nor will learners who are bullied and neither will learners who perceive to be outsiders and without friends. According to Maslow, learners are motivated if they are self-actualized and any hindrances affects learning environment considerably (Ibid, 2006). Skinner came up with a theoretical framework referred to as operant conditioning to explain that human beings cannot learn best without being provided or promised with a reward. He argued that human beings like every other organisms makes a direct and anticipated response –operant- when they are aware that there is a reward. Therefore, in cases where a response happens and emphasized, there is increased probability that it will happen again when a comparable stimulus is present. Hence, skinner argued that student’s tend to learn best when behavioral change occurs. In his experiment, Skinner had come up with learning units referred to as ‘contingencies of reinforcement’. These are sequences within which behaviors or responses are followed by reinforcing stimuli. The outstanding learning principle in this theory states that behaviors/responses are naturally produced without bring out stimuli. Besides, such behaviors are operants as their production can be instrumental in punishing or reinforcing consequences among students. Therefore, this theory is useful in understanding a person’s learning, social interaction, and human development via making open a number of normal law relationships created into human life by God. Thus, the theory concurs on the necessity to have a system of reward in schools based on students’ behavior which seems notable (Tayo, 2001). Penn in his work argues that in self-worth theory, motivation is the one of most vital factors to determine the attitude of learners as well as their behavior as a sense of self-respect. The answer to self-worth is learner’s perception of his/her own capability particularly when compared to others. If an imaginary hierarchy of self-worth is drawn, learners will tend to give ability the first priority, followed by effort and performance. The theory as claimed can be explained by equating both worth and ability. The author quoting other psychologists writes that applying personal goal-setting arrangements (gives learners a chance to define their own criteria for success), outcome-based evaluation and instruction (slower learning students experience success without competing with faster learning students), attribution learning (facilitates uninterested learners to consider failure being the lack of effort instead of ability), and cooperative learning activities (facilitates learners in understanding that individual effort contributes to personal as well as group goals) removes barriers to achieving motivation and redirects learners’ behavior far away from letdown-avoiding activities in educational settings (Penn, 2002). Extrinsic and intrinsic motivation theories differ only in terms of goals that different student have. Intrinsic motivation argues that students study just for the sake. The learners derive personal satisfaction as well as learning new ideas from learning and regard the m as a reward (Anti-Bullying Network, 2000). On the other hand, extrinsically motivated students are influenced by outside influences for instance praise from peer and teacher, attaining good grades, and/or any other form of reinforcement a peer or teacher can offer. Some people have argued that intrinsically motivated students tend to learn more as compared to those who are extrinsically motivated. Reason may be because intrinsically motivated learners as well extrinsically motivated. However, extrinsically motivated learners are seldom motivated intrinsically. Extrinsic rewards encompasses use of tangible rewards such as payments and gifts so as to keep learners interested in particular subjects as well as motivate them (Deci & Ryan, 2002). Intrinsic motivation has for a long time been criticized for its unconstructive influence on intrinsic motivation as well as being claimed to have a short term effect. In regard to intrinsic motivation, learners have the feelings of self-determination, pride, and competence. However, students are highly interested in activities when they are motivated by gifts, prizes, grades, or money as long as they received anticipated reward. Therefore, with time a student who receives a reward for their performance in a particular subject, they gradually become interested in it and develop intrinsic motivation. A big difference exists between tangible rewards (candy, money, certificates) and verbal rewards (praise, positive feedback). Tangible rewards influences intrinsic motivation negatively and destroy self-regulation (Wilson & Corpus, 2001). Conclusion Although the reward system has for a long time been applied in schools, a couple of issues need to be addressed if it will remain effective. Teachers and parents needs to be consistent in using rewards and sanctions, the reward system whether individual, cooperative or competitive should be monitored on regular basis, keeping-off from rewards that have monetary worth or those that indicates that school tasks are of no value, and making certain that rewards are deserved and genuine rather than being routine (Anti-Bullying Network, 2000). Whichever the reward system an education institution adopts, a positive culture in schools is established reason being efforts and good behaviors of the pupils are recognized. Thus, most students tend to put more effort so as to achieve established rewards and as a result the overall performance of school improves.

Retrenchment Strategies Type Essay

A retrenchment grand strategy is followed when an organization aims at a contraction of its activities through substantial reduction or the elimination of the scope of one or more of its businesses in terms of their respective customer groups, customer functions, or alternative technologies either singly or jointly in order to improve its overall performance. E.g: A corporate hospital decides to focus only on special treatment and realize higher revenues by reducing its commitment to general case which is less profitable. The growth of industries and markets are threatened by various external and internal developments (External developments – government policies, demand saturation, emergence of substitute products, or changing customer needs. Internal Developments – poor management, wrong strategies, poor quality of functional management and so on.) In these situations the industries and markets and consequently the companies face the danger of decline and will go for adopting retrenchment strategies. E.g: fountain pens, manual type writers, tele printers, steam engines, jute and jute products, slide rules, calculators and wooden toys are some products that have either disappeared or face decline. There are three types of retrenchment strategies – Turnaround Strategies, Divestment Strategies and Liquidation strategies. 1. Turnaround Strategies Turn around strategies derives their name from the action involved that is reversing a negative trend. There are certain conditions or indicators which point out that a turnaround is needed for an organization to survive. They are: Persistent Negative cash flows Negative Profits Declining market share Deterioration in Physical facilities Over manning, high turnover of employees, and low morale Uncompetitive products or services Mis management An organization which faces one or more of these issues is referred to as a ‘sick’ company. There are three ways in which turnarounds can be managed The existing chief executive and management team handles the entire turnaround strategy with the advisory support of a external consultant. In another case the existing team withdraws temporarily and an executive consultant or turnaround specialist is employed to do the job. The last method involves the replacement of the existing team specially the chief executive, or merging the sick organization with a healthy one. Before a turn around can be formulated for an Indian company, it has to be first declared as a sick company. The declaration is done on the basis of the Sick Industrial Companies Act (SICA), 1985, which provides for a quasi judicial body called the Board of Industrial and Financial Reconstruction (BIFR) which acts as the corporate doctor whenever companies fall sick. 2. Divestment Strategies A divestment strategy involves the sale or liquidation of a portion of business, or a major division. Profit centre or SBU. Divestment is usually a part of rehabilitation or restructuring plan and is adopted when a turnaround has been attempted but has proved to be unsuccessful. Harvesting strategies a variant of the divestment strategies, involve a process of gradually letting a company business wither away in a carefully controlled manner Reasons for Divestment The business that has been acquired proves to be a mismatch and cannot be integrated within the company. Similarly a project that proves to be in viable in the long term is divested Persistent negative cash flows from a particular business create financial problems for the whole company, creating a need for the divestment of that business. Severity of competition and the inability of a firm to cope with it may cause it to divest. Technological up gradation is required if the business is to survive but where it is not possible for the firm to invest in it. A preferable option would be to divest Divestment may be done because by selling off a part of a business the company may be in a position to survive A better alternative may be available for investment, causing a firm to divest a part of its unprofitable business. Divestment by one firm may be a part of merger plan executed with another firm, where mutual exchange of unprofitable divisions may take place. Lastly a firm may divest in order to attract the provisions of the MRTP Act or owing to oversize and the resultant inability to manage a large business. E.g: TATA group is a highly diversified entity with a range of businesses under its fold. They identified their non – core businesses for divestment. TOMCO was divested and sold to Hindustan Levers as soaps and a detergent was not considered a core business for the Tatas. Similarly, the pharmaceuticals companies of the Tatas- Merind and Tata pharma – were divested to Wockhardt. The cosmetics company Lakme was divested and sold to Hindustan Levers, as besides being a non core business, it was found to be a non- competitive and would have required substantial investment to be sustained. 3. Liquidation Strategies A retrenchment strategy which is considered the most extreme and unattractive is the liquidation strategy, which involves closing down a firm and selling its assets. It is considered as the last resort because it leads to serious consequences such as loss of employment for workers and other employees, termination of opportunities where a firm could pursue any future activities and the stigma of failure The psychological implications The prospects of liquidation create a bad impact on the company’s reputation. For many executives who are closely associated firms, liquidation may be a traumatic experience. Legal aspects of liquidation: Under the Companies Act 1956, liquidation is termed as winding up. The Act defines winding up of a company as the process whereby its life is ended and its property administered for the benefit of its creditors and members. The Act provides for a liquidator who takes control of the company, collect its assets, pay it debts, and finally distributes any surplus among the members according to their rights.

Social Anxiety Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Social Anxiety - Essay Example SAD is a psychiatric anxiety disorder with an extreme and excessive anxiety over everyday situation. It is a chronic feeling of devastation and fear of being watched and judged by others. Society anxiety causes physical symptoms which include stuttering, sweating, shaking and trembling, choking, chills, blushing, sweating, muscle tension, a fear of dying, losing control, or insanity. Some people may face such severe social anxiety that they experience panic attacks. A panic attack comes on suddenly and the fear is very intense. The physical symptoms of a panic attack include shallow breathing, difficulty in breathing, rapid heart beat, lightheadedness, and feeling as if one will faint. A person may feel that he/she will die during a panic attack but it will usually subside within 20-30 minutes. There are many contributing factors that lead to social anxiety. There are lifestyle and psychological factors that increase the risk of social anxiety. (Repich, 2002; Deas and Thomas, 2002; and Wardy, 2002.) These include the following: The diagnosis of social anxiety involves a medical practitioner reviewing one's background, medical history, symptoms, lifestyle, and dietary intake. The health care provider may conduct a psychological assessment.

Effective communications Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Effective communications - Essay Example It will also help if we are cautious of the correct language usage and avoid vague terms. One style of effective communication is using diversity and common ground. We should look for the interest and purpose of the person we are talking to establish rapport. Even if you view differences of perspectives, honor that differences, incorporate it into your own for a powerful communication. There is a time that it is better to be silent when you are not sure of the relationship. For example, you should understand the topics that should be avoided in the organization, profession and even in personal relations. According to the College of Marin lecture, Chap. 1, there are barriers to communications. Sender should know the adaptability of the message to receiver and should recognize the needs, the status, and knowledge of the subject and language skills of the receiver. For instance, when someone is angry, you should listen for a while until he/she is able to express her feelings. Lack of understanding on the subject, sender cannot explain clearly what he wants and receiver does not get the message clearly. For example, an angry customer cannot explain technicalities while sales people cannot answer. Emotional interference creates a barrier, as in if someone is filled with emotions like being angry, joyful, and tearful; he may not receive the intended message and may deliberately not hear them. (w.c.

Marketing Mangement - T.J Maxx's money saving aspect Case Study

Marketing Mangement - T.J Maxx's money saving aspect - Case Study Example The other main thing that T.J Maxx is highlighting in its advertisement to affect consumer perceptions is the claim that these products are branded and hence they are no quality issues with these products as they are endorsed by famous brands. This will make many consumers think that since these products are being supplied to T.J Maxx by some well-known brands, they can trust these products without fearing that they are of inferior quality. They will also think that maybe T.J Maxx is buying in large quantities from these brands and hence it is able to supply these products at a cheaper price than T.J Maxx's competitors. Hence, T.J Maxx's advertisements are hitting the two aspects of consumer's perceptions that product may be offered at lower prices but all the same that it is being endorsed by brands, so consumer can expect no quality issues with the products. Price: The price charged is lower than other competitive firm's and hence it may lead to negative perceptions.

7 Discussion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

7 Discussion - Essay Example In this way the individual relies on his or her character. Philosophers such as Plato, Hume, Aristotle etc have discoursed on virtuous character yet there seem not to be an agreement on exactly what ought to be counted as virtuous behavior. According to this philosophers virtue can only be equated to knowledge thus one who has knowledge and especially so the knowledge of good is regarded to have virtuous character (McMurray, 2000). The fact the children are born with no sense whatsoever of right or wrong it is prudent to assert that this good judgment is acquired from the society. The child will be taught by society members a number of mannerisms deemed acceptable such as honesty, respect and live in harmony with the existing systems. Without the society and culture would mean that the child relies on instincts thus will only have to act in a way that is likely to be beneficial to him or her. The society has also ensured there is a way to reward virtuous behavior thus encouraging its members to be virtuous. There are many moral stories and the like which give examples of individuals that have prospered in the society as a result of being virtuous. In the same way others are encouraged to live a virtuous life such that they are able to benefit in a similar manner. It is not easy to live a virtuous life thus there is normally some obstacles one has to overcome. According to some of the virtue theorist, it is easy for human beings to practice vice especially when the society is reluctant to punish the behavior and encourage virtuous living. It is for this reason that there are laws of the land and the justice system to encourage the people to live in harmony with one another. Alternatively there are those opposed to this theory citing the fact that character is in born. There are times when one has to rely on his character to perform some acts which the society is opposed to.

MIles Davis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

MIles Davis - Essay Example Through his fight, he brought a wide range of stylistic innovations into jazz and becoming a very influential musician of the twentieth century and an iconic symbol in jazz music. Miles Davis was born in 1926 in Alton, Illinois, and from his very childhood he experienced prejudices and oppression, which then had a significant influence on both his personality and music. He got his first musical instrument from his uncle and received lessons from friends of his father. The latter was pro-African American activist, was actively involved in politics and, perhaps even unintentionally, instilled the sense of fight for equality into his children. When Davis’ family moved to a white community, the boy experienced hatred, violence and inequality not only in the streets but at school as well (Miles). In his autobiography, Miles, the musician mentions taking part in numerous musical competitions held at school and losing them to white peers. Such inequality had an important influence on Miles future career because, as he states in his book, â€Å"if I hadn’t met that prejudice I probably wouldn’t have has as much drive in my work† (12). 1944 was the year when Miles Davis emerged on the scene in New York for the first time. It was the time when revolution in jazz music was on its way. Davis participated in that revolution against racial injustice and commercialism in music; he was not a leader in it though. He spent that period of his career under the watchful eye of Dizzy Gillespie, Thelonious Monk, and Charlie Parker, who influenced his bebop style as he learned it by playing alongside with them. Davis worked with the Parker quintet, and that very period in his life appeared to be remarkable for his style as he perfected his performance and worked up his personal approach to play difficult rhythms and melodic lines (Miles). This period of his career can be called the romantic

Analysis of VSauce Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Analysis of VSauce - Essay Example Creative re-engineering and several developmental phases enables VSauce to incorporate diversified mechanics that have seen them shift the focus from educative and informative channels to more scientific and comprehendible gaming channels and protocols that necessitate the collaborative impact and views and/or technical development from the users and designers in the community. This gives the channels a competitive advantage compared to other sites in that the diversity of the views and generative aspects from the collaborations help the site in development and design of cutting-edge features. Customization of videos in terms of quality and the subject matter, video, gaming, sports and the interactive aspects, offers freedom of exchange and transfer of knowledge. This merits attention as it incorporates the diversity of age, social and cultural background, economic wellness and freedom of choice from the variety which is the functional perspective of websites and their applications ( Brown 8). Vsauce incorporates the education aspect in the provision of digital, clear and chronological scientific motion pictures in the field of science giving the audience/ academic visitor a variety of videos which actualize the theoretical package taught in classroom atmosphere. This aspect diversifies its operations to more of a blog, content and archive site giving convenience to the variety of users/visitors. Also the incorporation accommodates diversified interests of a single visitor by harmonizing and providing multiple solutions in one site unlike other sites that will give specific solution to a specific interest/problem. For instance, introduction of VSauce2 that has five recurring segments to cover unusual knowledge and technology, â€Å"MindBlow†, a segment that covers the inventions that are useful and their significance to the society are not only humorous but touches the collaborative and the educative aspect of the invention part learnt in schools and in h istory. Also the â€Å"FAK† segment for facts and knowledge, which involves trivial questions, acts as a mental developmental program for all ages which gives the site credit in creativity aspects and collaborative ones as the channel’s work is from the users. Creativity is evident in the way VSauce incorporates the diversity of artistic talents from the users and the community in general. The incorporation of different â€Å"phases† of VSauce with time has seen developments in the users’ contribution in realizing the user’s talents and in line with the growth and development goal of the site and giving back to the society. For instance, the ‘BiDiPi’ segment that stands for build it, drive it and play it, incorporates the talents of the communities and the site user/fans and brings the competitive aspect of the site to the users which act as a motivational tool.